Tile layers are useful when you need to show a map or layer on the web for the visualization of relatively static data.
The basemaps that ArcGIS Online provides are tile layers that give immediate geographic context for your operational layers. For example, you can include a basemap with tiles of streets in your map to provide a visual reference for the street signs in a feature layer that is also in the map. The basemaps included with ArcGIS Online are designed for fast and simple access by web maps, web apps, ArcGIS, and nearly any mapping software application.
Tile layers come in various formats based on the original source data. Tile layers can be stored as prerendered raster tiles, vector tiles, or 3D tiles. Both raster and vector tiles are designed to provide high-performance and high-scalability delivery of map data for visualization purposes. 3D tiles layers provide high-performance visualization of scene data.
Raster tile layer
A raster tile layer is composed of cached raster tiles, also called map tile caches. These are delivered to client applications as image files (for example, JPG or PNG format) that have been prerendered and stored in ArcGIS Online. The tiles are statically displayed by the client. Raster tile layers are most appropriate for basemaps that give your maps geographic context such as imagery (as in the World Imagery basemap) or feature-based maps such as in the Topographic, National Geographic, Oceans, and other basemaps. Raster tile layers can also be composed of static operational layers such as thematic maps of your data.
The cached tiles are fast to transmit over the internet and are understood by most common mapping software applications, so they are compatible not only with ArcGIS and web apps built with the ArcGIS APIs but also third-party apps that use Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) protocols such as WMTS. Raster tile layers can do the following:
- Allow you to collaborate across a wide range of applications and devices (web, desktop, and mobile), including desktop applications, such as ArcMap, and older versions of web browsers
- Provide high-end cartographic capabilities such as advanced label placement and symbology
- Support compressed three-band imagery and elevation data
- Allow you to print them from web mapping applications
WMTS layers
Hosted WMTS layers are OGC-compliant views of hosted tile layers. All hosted tile layers on ArcGIS Online that are shared with the public can be accessed using the OGC WMTS protocol. The publisher of the hosted tile layer does not have to perform any special operations to enable WMTS. To access a hosted tile layer using the WMTS protocol, open the layer's item page and open the URL for the tile layer. The page that opens contains a WMTS URL link to the WMTS capabilities document that can be used to access layer tiles in apps that support WMTS.
Raster tile layer creation
The following sections describe the methods you can use to create a raster tile layer in ArcGIS Online.
From a service definition file
A service definition file (.sd) is an archive of the source data or references to the source data that is needed to generate the cache.
Use a service definition file to publish a hosted tile layer when you want ArcGIS Online to generate the layer's cache. The source data is copied to ArcGIS Online, so you can generate cached tiles for the desired scale levels in ArcGIS Online whenever needed.
Once you publish the hosted tile layer, edits to the source data cannot be used to update the tile layer.
The following functionality is available when you publish a hosted tile layer from a service definition file:
- Build tiles—You can adjust the visible range and build tile caches for the extents you specify.
- Visible range—You can modify the extent and scales at which the tile layer will draw.
- Update content—You can replace the content of the tile layer with content from another layer.
See Publish hosted tile layers from files for instructions to publish from a service definition file.
From a tile package
A tile package is an archive of cached tiles generated locally.
Note:
This workflow can be time consuming for large packages because the tile content is uploaded to ArcGIS Online.
The cache already exists, so there is no need to build tiles after you publish from a tile package.
The following functionality is available when you publish a hosted tile layer from a tile package:
- Visible range—You can modify the extent and scales at which the tile layer will draw.
- Update content—You can replace the content of the tile layer with content from another layer.
See Publish hosted tile layers from files for instructions to publish from a tile package.
From a hosted feature layer
If you have a hosted feature layer that is frequently accessed by users for viewing purposes only, you can publish a hosted tile layer from the hosted feature layer. Having cached tiles improves rendering times as compared to accessing the same data in the hosted feature layer.
It is recommended that you publish a hosted vector tile layer in this case; however, if you cannot publish a vector tile layer, you can publish a hosted tile layer from the feature layer instead.
The following functionality is available when you publish a hosted tile layer from a hosted feature layer or hosted feature layer view:
- Build tiles—You can adjust the visible range and build tile caches for the extents you specify.
- Visible range—You can modify the extent and scales at which the tile layer will draw.
- Update content—After features are edited in the associated hosted feature layer, rebuild the tiles in the tile layer to incorporate changes from the feature layer.
See Publish hosted tiles from hosted features for instructions.
Vector tile layers
A vector tile layer references a set of web-accessible vector tiles in one or more sublayers, and the corresponding style for how those tiles should be drawn. Vector tiles are similar to raster tile layers, but they store a vector representation of the data; that is, geographic features are represented as points, lines, and polygons in a format understood by the client application. Unlike static raster tile layers, vector tile layers can adapt to the resolution of their display device and be restyled for multiple uses. Vector tiles have a smaller file size than raster tiles, which translates to faster maps and better performance. The combination of tile access performance and vector drawing allows the tiles to adapt to any resolution of the display, which may vary across devices.
In Map Viewer Classic, you can customize the style of the vector tile layer and the contents of the map. Other properties of vector tile layers include the following:
- They can be used to generate many map styles using a single set of vector tiles. You can customize vector tile layers—for example, hide their visibility, change symbols and fonts, or change languages for labels—without having to regenerate tiles.
- They display at high resolution (for example, on retina devices) without the need for generating separate, high-resolution versions. Vector tiles can be displayed at any scale level with clear symbology and labels in desktop applications such as ArcGIS Pro.
- They can be generated more quickly and with fewer hardware resources than corresponding raster tiles. This reduces the cost to generate the tiles.
- Vector tiles are much smaller in size than corresponding raster tiles with rendered symbology. This slightly reduces the cost to store and serve the tiles.
- Vector tile layers can be projected into various coordinate systems, using desktop applications such as ArcGIS Pro, without distortion of labels and other symbols.
- When you publish a vector tile layer from ArcGIS Pro (2.8 and later), you can simultaneously publish an associated feature layer. Editors can update the data in the feature layer and you can rebuild the vector tile cache to incorporate the edits into the vector tile layer.
- You can publish a vector tile layer from a hosted feature layer, edit the data in the hosted feature layer, and rebuild the vector tile cache to incorporate the edits into the vector tile layer.
For more information on vector tile layers, view the following ArcGIS StoryMaps content:
Vector tile layers have the best performance on machines with newer hardware, and they can be displayed in the current versions of most desktop browsers, including Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Microsoft Edge. You can add vector tile layers as operational layers or basemaps to Map Viewer, Map Viewer Classic, or Scene Viewer.
Vector basemaps include a number of styles that you can customize. Visit the Esri vector basemap group to see sample vector styles you can use as well as how you can change the look of the map. Sample styles include simple color changes and more involved redesigns using sprite and font changes. The vector basemaps are updated frequently and include regular contributions from the GIS community.
With ArcGIS Pro 1.2 and later, you can share a vector tile package to your organization and publish the uploaded vector tile package as a hosted layer. With ArcGIS Pro 1.4 and later, you can publish a hosted vector tile layer from a map in ArcGIS Pro directly to ArcGIS Online.
3D tiles layers
A 3D tiles layer represents a cached tile set that defines integrated mesh or 3D object type data in a hierarchical data structure.
You can publish a 3D tiles layer from a 3D tiles package (.3tz) that you add to ArcGIS Online.
Tip:
Create the 3D tiles package using the Package 3D Tiles geoprocessing tool, or run the create3D tiles executable file available on the 3D tiles layer GitHub repository.
After you publish a 3D tiles layer, you can use it in ArcGIS Pro 3.2 or later. If you published an integrated mesh 3D tiles layer, you can add the layer to Scene Viewer.
Tile layer summary
The following lists are a summary of purposes and features of each type of tile layer.
Vector tile layers are intended to be used for reference, which provides an image basemap to give context for other layers in a map or scene. The have the following properties:
- Store cached images as vectors
- Display at high resolution without the need to generate separate, high-resolution versions
- Use less disk space and take less time to build caches than raster tile layers
- Require display drivers that support WebGL
- Can be scaled and projected into various coordinate systems without distortion of labels and other symbols
- Can be replaced with another vector tile layer (if the vector tile layer does not have an associated feature layer)
Raster tile layers are also intended to be used for reference, which provides an image basemap to give context for other layers in a map or scene, but they have the following differences from vector tile layers:
- Store cached images as rasters
- Can set the minimum and maximum scales at which a hosted tile layer draws when added to a map
- Can serve elevation data that is used to provide terrain for 3D scenes if the source data contains z-coordinates
- Can be replaced with another tile layer (if the raster tile layer does not have an associated feature layer)
3D tiles layers are intended to be used for representing large, global 3D content in a scene. They have the following properties:
- Cached 3D data is stored in three-dimensional tiles.
- The spatial reference used for the layers is always World Geodetic System (WGS) 1984. The vertical reference is ellipsoidal but rendered as gravity-related heights in Scene Viewer and ArcGIS Runtime apps.
- Integrated mesh and 3D object 3D tiles layers can be used in ArcGIS Pro 3.2 and later.
- At this time, only the integrated mesh type of 3D tiles layers can be used in Scene Viewer.