Flight planning is the process of completing preflight preparations before a drone takes off. This planning includes route, altitude, battery, weather, and flying restrictions. Flight planning is essential to ensure safety, efficiency, and mission success. It helps identify and avoid potential hazards, optimizes the flight route, and achieves mission objectives.
Note:
A Site Scan Administrator can create custom preflight checklists in Site Scan for ArcGIS and assign them to projects to comply with your organization’s drone program. When these custom preflight checklists are enabled on a project, any drone operator who wants to fly a mission can answer the questions or skip the checklist before the drone takes off.
Create a new project
A project contains multiple missions that are completed over the same area or in close proximity, which simplifies the process of overlaying layers. You can create a project or select an existing project from the Projects list when you open the app.
To create a new project, complete the following steps:
- Open the ArcGIS Flight app, and tap Create New Project.
The Create Project window appears.
- In the Project Name text box, provide the name of the project.
- Tap Save project.
The project home screen appears with access to flight modes and flight plans.
Note:
Only a Site Scan administrator can delete projects.
Choose a flight mode
ArcGIS Flight has a variety of flight modes depending on the type of area or structure that you intend to map or model. Choose one of the following flight modes for the project:
- Area Survey—Map large areas of interest using the lawn mower flight pattern. The gimbal is typically flown nadir with the camera pointed straight down at the surface at a 0-degree camera angle.
- Crosshatch Survey—Use for sites that have vertical features that need to be captured, such as buildings or sites with elevation changes. This flight mode has a crosshatched pattern flight polygon, which takes double the resources (time, batteries, and images taken) to complete compared to a traditional area survey flight. Due to the crosshatched pattern and the oblique gimbal angle used when flying, this flight mode captures the features of the site at different angles to provide 3D data, such as a point cloud or a 3D mesh.
- Perimeter Scan—Create high-resolution 3D models of tall individual structures. The drone flies vertically at different altitudes around the planned perimeter. You can merge a perimeter scan with the imagery from an area survey to enhance 3D results.
- Inspection—Manually fly to an object or structure for visual inspection. You can manually take photos of areas of interest or you can record a video.
- Vertical—Capture complex vertical structures such as buildings, dams, or mining sites. This flight mode has additional settings that allow for flights that are vertical and with a slope or angle. You can merge a vertical scan with an area survey or a crosshatch survey to enhance 3D results.
- Panorama—Create a 360-degree panorama photo that you can use to capture a complete view of the job site and surrounding areas (including the area under the drone). Use this flight mode for project tracking and for marketing materials.
- Corridor Scan—Capture long and narrow areas of interest such as roads, pipelines, and airport runways, or for right-of-way inspections.
Configure the Area Survey flight mode
To configure the Area Survey flight mode, complete the following steps in the Enter Mission Data panel:
- Tap Mission Name and provide the name of the mission.
- Optionally, tap ArcGIS Layers to upload content from ArcGIS Online.
- Tap the back arrow to return to Enter Mission Data.
- Tap Center Mission Area to Map.
- Tap Next.
The Mission Settings panel appears.
- Select Define mission area from polygon to add more layers from ArcGIS Online.
- If you are flying a drone on sites with different elevation features, enable Terrain Follow.
- Use the slider to change the Flight Height altitude.
The default Flight Height value is recommended for this flight mode.
- Use the slider to change the Gimbal Angle value you want the drone camera to point to.
The default Gimbal Angle value is recommended for this flight mode.
- Use the slider to change the Hatch Angle value to alter the direction of the flight lines.
The default Hatch Angle value is recommended for this flight mode.
- To take a video instead of images during flight, enable Video Mode.
- Tap Advanced to configure the following settings:
- Overlap—The default is recommended. Use the slider to increase the percentage, as it affects the number of images taken per flight leg.
- Sidelap—The default is recommended. Use the slider to increase the percentage to add flight legs, which captures additional images.
- Speed Adjustment—The default is recommended. Use the slider to change the speed of the drone flight.
- Departure/Minimum Return Height—The default is recommended. Use the slider to change the flight height of the drone's departure and return.
- First Waypoint—Tap Furthest or Closest to change where the drone will begin flying in relation to the drone's home position. Tap the back arrow to return to the Advanced panel.
- Continue without link—Enable to allow the drone to continue flying if it goes out of signal range from the remote controller.
- Restore advanced settings—Tap to revert to the default settings.
- Camera Settings—You can change the following settings:
- Lighting Mode—Tap to choose Daylight when flying under normal conditions, Low Light when flying under low light conditions (such as early mornings or late evenings), or Manual to manually change additional camera parameters.
- Lens Settings—Tap to change the Focal Length value of the gimbal by enabling Override Focal Length when using custom payloads.
Tap the back arrow to return to the Mission Settings panel.
- Enabling Geofence restricts the drone's flight area to within the boundary of the flight polygon you planned.
- Tap See FAA Advisories to view notifications and tap Get LAANC authorization to request LAANC authorization.
- Depending on where you are planning to fly the drone, you will get LAANC Grid or Controlled Airspace notifications. You can tap each notification to get more information.
- Tap Get LAANC authorization to request a LAANC authorization. A new window opens with the airspacelink interface. If necessary, sign in. Once you are signed in, most of the information fields are populated. Provide the drone model in the Drone field text box. After you provide all the required information, tap Save Operation, and tap Submit.
- Tap Center Mission Area to Map.
- Enable Quick Map to quickly capture images and process them into an updated basemap.
- Tap Fly to start the mission.
- The System Checks settings appear and you must ensure that the drone passes the following four checks before it is allowed to take off:
- Aircraft Check—Ensures that the drone’s sensor hardware is calibrated for optimal performance.
- Camera Check—Ensures that the SD card has enough space to store the imagery and also calibrates the camera.
- Battery Check—Ensures that the batteries have enough charge to conduct the mission.
- Flight Check—Ensures that the mission’s settings (flight altitude, speed, area to fly in, and so on) are preloaded into the drone.
After all checks have passed, slide the green button to have the drone take off and begin flying the mission.
Configure the Crosshatch Survey flight mode
To configure the Crosshatch Survey flight mode, complete the following steps in the Enter Mission Data panel:
- Tap Mission Name and provide the name of the mission.
- Optionally, tap ArcGIS Layers to upload content from ArcGIS Online.
- Tap the back arrow to return to Enter Mission Data.
- Tap Center Mission Area to Map.
- Tap Next.
The Mission Settings panel appears.
- Select Define mission area from polygon to add more layers from ArcGIS Online.
- If you are flying a drone on sites with different elevation features, enable Terrain Follow.
- Use the slider to change the Flight Height altitude.
The default Flight Height value is recommended for this flight mode.
- Use the slider to change the Gimbal Angle value you want the drone camera to point to.
The default Gimbal Angle value is recommended for this flight mode.
- Use the slider to change the Hatch Angle value to alter the direction of the flight lines.
The default Hatch Angle value is recommended for this flight mode.
- To take a video instead of images during flight, enable Video Mode.
- Tap Advanced to configure the following settings:
- Overlap—The default is recommended. Use the slider to increase the percentage, as it affects the number of images taken per flight leg.
- Sidelap—The default is recommended. Use the slider to increase the percentage to add flight legs, which captures additional images.
- Speed Adjustment—The default is recommended. Use the slider to change the speed of the drone flight.
- Departure/Minimum Return Height—The default is recommended. Use the slider to change the flight height of the drone's departure and return.
- First Waypoint—Tap Furthest or Closest to change where the drone will begin flying in relation to the drone's home position. Tap the back arrow to return to the Advanced panel.
- Continue without link—Enable to allow the drone to continue flying if it goes out of signal range from the remote controller.
- Restore advanced settings—Tap to revert to the default settings.
- Camera Settings—You can change the following settings:
- Lighting Mode—Tap to choose Daylight when flying under normal conditions, Low Light when flying under low light conditions (such as early mornings or late evenings), or Manual to manually change additional camera parameters.
- Lens Settings—Tap to change the Focal Length value of the gimbal by enabling Override Focal Length when using custom payloads.
Tap the back arrow to return to the Mission Settings panel.
- Enabling Geofence restricts the drone's flight area to within the boundary of the flight polygon you planned.
- Tap See FAA Advisories to view notifications and tap Get LAANC authorization to request LAANC authorization.
- Depending on where you are planning to fly the drone, you will get LAANC Grid or Controlled Airspace notifications. You can tap each notification to get more information.
- Tap Get LAANC authorization to request a LAANC authorization. A new window opens with the airspacelink interface. If necessary, sign in. Once you are signed in, most of the information fields are populated. Provide the drone model in the Drone field text box. After you provide all the required information, tap Save Operation, and tap Submit.
- Tap Center Mission Area to Map.
- Tap Fly to start the mission.
- The System Checks settings appear and you must ensure that the drone passes the following four checks before it is allowed to take off:
- Aircraft Check—Ensures that the drone’s sensor hardware is calibrated for optimal performance.
- Camera Check—Ensures that the SD card has enough space to store the imagery and also calibrates the camera.
- Battery Check—Ensures that the batteries have enough charge to conduct the mission.
- Flight Check—Ensures that the mission’s settings (flight altitude, speed, area to fly in, and so on) are preloaded into the drone.
After all checks have passed, slide the green button to have the drone take off and begin flying the mission.
Configure the Perimeter Scan flight mode
To configure the Perimeter Scan flight mode, complete the following steps in the Enter Mission Data panel:
- Tap Mission Name and provide the name of the mission.
- Optionally, tap ArcGIS Layers to upload content from ArcGIS Online.
- Tap the back arrow to return to Enter Mission Data.
- Tap Center Mission Area to Map.
- Tap Next.
The Mission Settings panel appears.
- To take a video instead of images during flight, enable Video Mode.
- Follow the instructions on the panel, and tap Next.
The Offset Settings panel appears.
- Use the slider to change the distance the drone will fly from the area of interest.
The offset directly affects the resolution and number of photos taken.
- Tap Advanced, and configure the following settings:
- Vertical Overlap—Adjust the slider to add more perimeters or loops around the building for the drone to scan.
- Sidelap—The default is recommended. Use the slider to increase the percentage to add flight legs, which captures additional images.
- Speed Adjustment—The default is recommended. Use the slider to change the speed of the drone flight.
- Continue without link—Enable to allow the drone to continue flying if it goes out of signal range from the remote controller.
- Restore advanced settings—Tap to revert to the default settings.
- Camera Settings—You can change the following settings:
- Lighting Mode—Tap to choose Daylight when flying under normal conditions, Low Light when flying under low light conditions (such as early mornings or late evenings), or Manual to manually change additional camera parameters.
- Lens Settings—Tap to change the Focal Length value of the gimbal by enabling Override Focal Length when using custom payloads.
- Tap See FAA Advisories to view notifications and tap Get LAANC authorization to request LAANC authorization.
- Depending on where you are planning to fly the drone, you will get LAANC Grid or Controlled Airspace notifications. You can tap each notification to get more information.
- Tap Get LAANC authorization to request a LAANC authorization. A new window opens with the airspacelink interface. If necessary, sign in. Once you are signed in, most of the information fields are populated. Provide the drone model in the Drone field text box. After you provide all the required information, tap Save Operation, and tap Submit.
- Tap Center Mission Area to Map.
- In Offset Settings, tap the Overlays tab to view Map Layers.
- Optionally, tap ArcGIS Layers to upload content from ArcGIS Online.
- Tap Center Mission Area to Map.
- Tap Next.
The Altitude Settings panel appears.
- Optionally, turn on Terrain Follow.
When Terrain Follow is turned off, all height settings are heights above the takeoff point. When Terrain Follow is turned on, all heights are heights above the terrain except the Minimum Return Height value.
- Use the Height of Structure slider to indicate the total height of the structure or building to be scanned.
- Use the Minimum Flight Height slider to indicate the minimum flight altitude you want the drone to fly at. For safety reasons, change this value to be slightly higher than the top of the structure you want to scan.
- Use the Maximum Flight Height slider to indicate the maximum flight altitude you want the drone to fly at. Change this value to be one and a half to two times higher than the minimum altitude.
- If you turned on Terrain Follow, set the following:
- Tolerance Height—Use the slider to adjust the maximum desired deviation from the Flight Height value. Increasing this value increases flight efficiency but also increases collision risk.
- Departure Height—Use the slider to change the height when traveling to the first waypoint.
- Enable One Altitude to have the drone fly at a constant altitude.
- Turn on Fixed Gimbal Pitch to manually change the gimbal angle.
When Fixed Gimbal Pitch is turned off, ArcGIS Flight optimizes the gimbal angle based on the offset, height of the structure, and minimum and maximum flight altitudes.
Use the Gimbal Angle slider to change the gimbal angle you want the drone camera to point to.
- Tap Fly to start the mission.
- The System Checks settings appear and you must ensure that the drone passes the following four checks before it is allowed to take off:
- Aircraft Check—Ensures that the drone’s sensor hardware is calibrated for optimal performance.
- Camera Check—Ensures that the SD card has enough space to store the imagery and also calibrates the camera.
- Battery Check—Ensures that the batteries have enough charge to conduct the mission.
- Flight Check—Ensures that the mission’s settings (flight altitude, speed, area to fly in, and so on) are preloaded into the drone.
After all checks have passed, slide the green button to have the drone take off and begin flying the mission.
Configure the Inspection flight mode
To configure the Inspection flight mode, complete the following steps in the Enter Mission Data panel:
- Tap Mission Name and provide the name of the mission.
- Optionally, tap ArcGIS Layers to upload content from ArcGIS Online.
- Tap Next.
The Mission Settings panel appears.
- Enable Show Terrain to display the terrain.
- Use the Takeoff Height slider to adjust the height the drone will climb to after passing the preflight checklist and taking off.
- Enable Manual Takeoff to manually operate the drone take off.
- Use the Minimum Return Height slider to adjust the drone's return flight height.
- To take a video instead of images during flight, enable Video Mode.
- Tap See FAA Advisories to view notifications and tap Get LAANC authorization to request LAANC authorization.
- Depending on where you are planning to fly the drone, you will get LAANC Grid or Controlled Airspace notifications. You can tap each notification to get more information.
- Tap Get LAANC authorization to request a LAANC authorization. A new window opens with the airspacelink interface. If necessary, sign in. Once you are signed in, most of the information fields are populated. Provide the drone model in the Drone field text box. After you provide all the required information, tap Save Operation, and tap Submit.
- Optionally, in the Camera Settings section, adjust the Lighting Mode setting as follows:
- Daylight—Use when flying in normal conditions.
- Low Light—Use when flying in low light conditions (such as early morning or late evening)
- Manual—Use to manually change additional camera parameters
Tap the back arrow to return to the Mission Settings panel.
- Tap Fly to start the mission.
- The System Checks settings appear and you must ensure that the drone passes the following four checks before it is allowed to take off:
- Aircraft Check—Ensures that the drone’s sensor hardware is calibrated for optimal performance.
- Camera Check—Ensures that the SD card has enough space to store the imagery and also calibrates the camera.
- Battery Check—Ensures that the batteries have enough charge to conduct the mission.
- Flight Check—Ensures that the mission’s settings (flight altitude, speed, area to fly in, and so on) are preloaded into the drone.
After all checks have passed, slide the green button to have the drone take off and begin flying the mission.
Configure the Vertical flight mode
To configure the Vertical flight mode, complete the following steps in the Enter Mission Data panel:
- Tap Mission Name and provide the name of the mission.
- Optionally, tap ArcGIS Layers to upload content from ArcGIS Online.
- Tap the back arrow to return to Enter Mission Data.
- Tap Center Mission Area to Map.
- Tap Next.
The Mission Settings panel appears.
- If you are flying a drone on sites with different elevation features, enable Terrain Follow.
- Drag the blue line to cover the side or facade of the structure you are scanning.
In the Define bottom edge of scan area on map section, use the Switch Side option to ensure that the green line, which represents the flight path of the drone, is facing the facade of the structure you are scanning.
Optionally, do the following:
- Tap and hold the plus button to add vertices.
- To remove vertices, double tap the vertex you want to remove and tap Remove.
- In the Select Mode section, tap Slope, and select one of the following:
- Fixed—Choose this option if the site and structures have fixed features.
- Variable—Choose this option to carefully align the polyline of the flight on the sites and structures that have variable features.
Tap the back arrow to return to the Mission Settings panel.
- If you selected Fixed in the previous step, optionally, use the Set slope angle slider to change the slope.
The default value is 90 degrees.
- In the Define scan area elevation section, define the bottom and top elevation of the scan area using the following:
- Bottom elevation—Use the slider to change the bottom elevation of the scan area.
- Top elevation—Use the slider to change the top elevation of the scan area.
- In the Adjust flight altitudes section, configure the following settings:
- Use the Minimum Flight Height slider to indicate the minimum flight altitude you want the drone to fly at. For safety reasons, change this value to be slightly higher than the top of the structure you want to scan.
- Use the Maximum Flight Height slider to indicate the maximum flight altitude you want the drone to fly at. Change this value to be one and a half to two times higher than the minimum altitude.
- Use the Departure/Minimum Return Height slider to change the flight height of the drone's departure and return.
- In the Define offset section, use the slider to change the Offset value to the distance between the drone's flight path and the scan area.
- To take a video instead of images during flight, enable Video Mode.
- Tap Advanced to configure the following settings:
- Overlap—The default is recommended. Use the slider to increase the percentage, as it affects the number of images taken per flight leg.
- Sidelap—The default is recommended. Use the slider to increase the percentage to add flight legs, which captures additional images.
- Speed Adjustment—The default is recommended. Use the slider to change the speed of the drone flight.
- Departure/Minimum Return Height—The default is recommended. Use the slider to change the flight height of the drone's departure and return.
- First Waypoint—Tap Furthest or Closest to change where the drone will begin flying in relation to the drone's home position. Tap the back arrow to return to the Advanced panel.
- Continue without link—Enable to allow the drone to continue flying if it goes out of signal range from the remote controller.
- Restore advanced settings—Tap to revert to the default settings.
- Camera Settings—You can change the following settings:
- Lighting Mode—Tap to choose Daylight when flying under normal conditions, Low Light when flying under low light conditions (such as early mornings or late evenings), or Manual to manually change additional camera parameters.
- Lens Settings—Tap to change the Focal Length value of the gimbal by enabling Override Focal Length when using custom payloads.
Tap the back arrow to return to the Mission Settings panel.
- Tap See FAA Advisories to view notifications and tap Get LAANC authorization to request LAANC authorization.
- Depending on where you are planning to fly the drone, you will get LAANC Grid or Controlled Airspace notifications. You can tap each notification to get more information.
- Tap Get LAANC authorization to request a LAANC authorization. A new window opens with the airspacelink interface. If necessary, sign in. Once you are signed in, most of the information fields are populated. Provide the drone model in the Drone field text box. After you provide all the required information, tap Save Operation, and tap Submit.
- Tap Center Mission Area to Map.
- Tap Fly to start the mission.
- The System Checks settings appear and you must ensure that the drone passes the following four checks before it is allowed to take off:
- Aircraft Check—Ensures that the drone’s sensor hardware is calibrated for optimal performance.
- Camera Check—Ensures that the SD card has enough space to store the imagery and also calibrates the camera.
- Battery Check—Ensures that the batteries have enough charge to conduct the mission.
- Flight Check—Ensures that the mission’s settings (flight altitude, speed, area to fly in, and so on) are preloaded into the drone.
After all checks have passed, slide the green button to have the drone take off and begin flying the mission.
Configure the Panorama flight mode
To configure the Panorama flight mode, complete the following steps in the Enter Mission Data panel:
- Tap Mission Name and provide the name of the mission.
- Optionally, tap ArcGIS Layers to upload content from ArcGIS Online.
- Tap the back arrow to return to Enter Mission Data.
- Tap Center Mission Area to Map.
- Tap Next.
The Mission Settings panel appears.
- If you are flying a drone on sites with different elevation features, enable Terrain Follow.
- Use the slider to change the Flight Height altitude.
The default Flight Height value is recommended for this flight mode.
- Tap Advanced to configure the following settings:
- Overlap—The default is recommended. Use the slider to increase the percentage, as it affects the number of images taken per flight leg.
- Departure/Minimum Return Height—The default is recommended. Use the slider to change the flight height of the drone's departure and return.
- Continue without link—Enable to allow the drone to continue flying if it goes out of signal range from the remote controller.
- Restore advanced settings—Tap to revert to the default settings.
- Camera Settings—You can change the following settings:
- Lighting Mode—Tap to choose Daylight when flying under normal conditions, Low Light when flying under low light conditions (such as early mornings or late evenings), or Manual to manually change additional camera parameters.
- Lens Settings—Tap to change the Focal Length value of the gimbal by enabling Override Focal Length when using custom payloads.
Tap the back arrow to return to the Mission Settings panel.
- Tap the Overlays tab to view Map Layers.
- Optionally, tap ArcGIS Layers to upload content from ArcGIS Online.
- Tap Center Mission Area to Map.
- Tap Fly to start the mission.
- The System Checks settings appear and you must ensure that the drone passes the following four checks before it is allowed to take off:
- Aircraft Check—Ensures that the drone’s sensor hardware is calibrated for optimal performance.
- Camera Check—Ensures that the SD card has enough space to store the imagery and also calibrates the camera.
- Battery Check—Ensures that the batteries have enough charge to conduct the mission.
- Flight Check—Ensures that the mission’s settings (flight altitude, speed, area to fly in, and so on) are preloaded into the drone.
After all checks have passed, slide the green button to have the drone take off and begin flying the mission.
Configure the Corridor Scan flight mode
To configure the Corridor Scan flight mode, complete the following steps in the Enter Mission Data panel:
- Tap Mission Name and provide the name of the mission.
- Optionally, tap ArcGIS Layers to upload content from ArcGIS Online.
- Tap the back arrow to return to Enter Mission Data.
- Tap Center Mission Area to Map.
- Tap Next.
The Mission Settings panel appears.
- Tap Define corridor from polyline to add more layers from ArcGIS Online.
The Mission Area Polyline panel appears.
- If you are flying a drone on sites with different elevation features, enable Terrain Follow.
- Trace the centerline of the corridor.
- In the Select width section, use the slider to change the Corridor width value.
- In the Select mode section, tap Fly over corridor and choose Yes to fly over the corridor, or choose No to avoid flying over the corridor.
- Tap the back arrow to return to the Mission Settings panel.
- If you selected Yes for Fly over corridor, use the Adjust flight altitude slider to change the Flight Height value.
- If you selected No for Fly over corridor, configure the following settings:
- In the Define offset section, use the slider to change the Offset value to the distance between the drone's flight path and the scan area.
- Use the Minimum Flight Height slider to indicate the minimum flight altitude you want the drone to fly at. For safety reasons, change this value to be slightly higher than the top of the structure you want to scan.
- Use the Maximum Flight Height slider to indicate the maximum flight altitude you want the drone to fly at. Change this value to be one and a half to two times higher than the minimum altitude.
- Departure/Minimum Return Height—The default is recommended. Use the slider to change the flight height of the drone's departure and return.
- In the Select side section, you can select Switch Side to set which side the drone will start flying on.
- To take a video instead of images during flight, enable Video Mode.
- Tap Advanced to configure the following settings:
- Sidelap—The default is recommended. Use the slider to increase the percentage to add flight legs, which captures additional images.
- Speed Adjustment—The default is recommended. Use the slider to change the speed of the drone flight.
- Restore advanced settings—Tap to revert to the default settings.
- Camera Settings—You can change the following settings:
- Lighting Mode—Tap to choose Daylight when flying under normal conditions, Low Light when flying under low light conditions (such as early mornings or late evenings), or Manual to manually change additional camera parameters.
- Lens Settings—Tap to change the Focal Length value of the gimbal by enabling Override Focal Length when using custom payloads.
- Tap the back arrow to return to the Mission Settings panel.
- Tap See FAA Advisories to view notifications and tap Get LAANC authorization to request LAANC authorization.
- Depending on where you are planning to fly the drone, you will get LAANC Grid or Controlled Airspace notifications. You can tap each notification to get more information.
- Tap Get LAANC authorization to request a LAANC authorization. A new window opens with the airspacelink interface. If necessary, sign in. Once you are signed in, most of the information fields are populated. Provide the drone model in the Drone field text box. After you provide all the required information, tap Save Operation, and tap Submit.
- Tap Center Mission Area to Map.
- Tap Fly to start the mission.
- The System Checks settings appear and you must ensure that the drone passes the following four checks before it is allowed to take off:
- Aircraft Check—Ensures that the drone’s sensor hardware is calibrated for optimal performance.
- Camera Check—Ensures that the SD card has enough space to store the imagery and also calibrates the camera.
- Battery Check—Ensures that the batteries have enough charge to conduct the mission.
- Flight Check—Ensures that the mission’s settings (flight altitude, speed, area to fly in, and so on) are preloaded into the drone.
After all checks have passed, slide the green button to have the drone take off and begin flying the mission.