The Crime Reduction Statistics solution delivers a set of capabilities that help you manage incident data, generate key statistics and reports, and monitor trends in crime.
In this topic, you’ll learn how to use the solution by assuming the role of a user and performing the workflows below.
Note:
Use your organization's data or configured apps to follow these workflows.Understand statistical metrics
Reducing crime is a law enforcement agency's most fundamental mission. To reduce crime, many agencies employ a version of New York City Police Department's CompStat process. This process uses statistical analysis to identify where problems are emerging so law enforcement can respond before the problem gets out of hand. The Crime Reduction Statistics solution uses a series of statistics to help identify incident trends and spikes, which helps police decision makers make smarter response decisions.
In this workflow, you will learn about the types of statistics used in the solution to enable efficient problem detection.
The Crime Reduction Statistics solution includes Generate Incident Statistics, an ArcGIS Pro geoprocessing tool used to automate daily production of crime and calls for service statistics. The statistics are published into hosted tables used by the Crime Statistics Dashboard and Calls for Service Statistics Dashboard. For each statistical period (28-day and 365-day), the dashboards can display the following statistics across any combination of administrative areas and incident categories:
- Current period (Cur)—A count of incidents for the specified statistical period, area, and category.
- Previous period (Prev)—A count of incidents for the period immediately preceding the statistical period, area, and category.
- Percent change—A statistical ratio used to understand change between the incident counts in the current and previous period. This indicator is used to understand linear trending.
- 3-year avg.—An average of incident counts for the statistical period in the three previous years.
- Current vs. avg.—A plain language indicator of the Poisson z-score. The score determines how the current period compares to the 3-year average for the period. This indicator is used to understand spikes and provides historical context to incident counts in the current period.
The dashboard formats the statistical values to plain language, as described in the following table:
| Plain language | Poisson z-score value |
|---|---|
Spike | A value greater than 3 |
Elevated | A value between 1 and 3 |
Normal | A value between 1 and -1 |
Below Normal | A value between -1 |
Note:
The Poisson z-score statistic serves the same purpose as a standard z-score (a standardized measure of distance from the mean), but is appropriate for non-normally distributed data, like crime and calls for service counts that cannot be negative. Learn More about configuring the Poisson z-score formatting in the dashboard.
Explore crime trends
To effectively allocate resources and manage emerging problems, agencies want to use current data and statistics to identify trends. The agencies can then make this information available to police executives so that they can make informed decisions faster. The Crime Reduction Statistics solution can be used by law enforcement agencies to map and monitor short- and long-term trends and spikes in crimes so that they can quickly identify and respond to emerging problems.
Locate trends by area and crime type
In this workflow, you will assume the role of a district captain who wants to identify and explore statistical crime trends in their district for a specific crime type.
- In a browser, sign in to your ArcGIS organization and browse to the Crime Statistics Dashboard.
- From the item page, click View Dashboard.
- On the Overview tab, review the high-level metrics.
The elements on this tab display statistics for each of the three National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) Crimes Against categories (Crimes Against Persons, Crimes Against Property, Crimes Against Society) for the current 28 and 365 days, as well as charts displaying counts for each category by month.
- At the top right of the dashboard, in the header panel, select a value from the Select area to filter the dashboard for a specific area.
This filter contains all values from all administrative areas (for example, beats, districts, and divisions). By default, this filter displays data for the total agency.
- At the bottom of the dashboard, click the 28-day tab.
The 28-day statistics by major crime category table displays statistics for major NIBRS offense categories, and the 28-day statistics by crime type table displays statistics for each NIBRS offense type.
- In the 28-day statistics by major crime category table, click an offense category.
The selection filters the table, the 28-day statistics by crime type table, the map, and all elements on the 365-day, Top 10 28-day, Top 10 365-day, and Crimes tabs.
The 28-day statistics by crime type now shows all NIBRS offense types belonging to the category you selected in the previous step.
- To further explore, click an offense type from the 28-day statistics by crime type table.
The selection filters both tables on this tab, the map, and all elements on the 365-day, Top 10 28-day, Top 10 365-day, and Crimes tabs.
- At the bottom of the dashboard, click the Crimes tab.
- Use the graphs to filter and explore the filtered crimes.
Note:
Dashboard elements are linked. If you click a chart bar or table row, related details are filtered and updated in other elements in the dashboard. You can select more than one bar or row.
- In the Crime list, click a record to view a pop-up and zoom to its location on the map.
- To download the records in the table as a CSV file, click Download data at the bottom left of the table.
Note:
All tables in the dashboard support download to a CSV file.
- When finished, to remove all filters and return the dashboard to its original state, click Reset in the bottom right of the dashboard.
Identify top crime trends
In this workflow, you will assume the role of a chief who wants to explore the top statistical increases in crime across all types and administrative areas in their jurisdiction over the last 365 days.
- In a browser, verify that you are signed in to your ArcGIS organization and browse to the Crime Statistics Dashboard.
- From the item page, click View Dashboard.
- At the bottom of the dashboard, click the Top 10 365-day tab. This tab contains two lists, Percent change, and Spike by intensity score, that display the top 10 increases for their respective statistic, across any combination of crime type and administrative area.
- In the Percent change list, click the first record. The selection filters both lists, the map, and all elements on the 28-day, 365-day, Top 10 28-day, and Crimes tabs.
- At the bottom of the dashboard, click the Crimes tab.
- At the top right of the dashboard, in the header panel, change the value in the Map dates filter to Current 365 days.
By default, the map only displays the current 28 days of crime incidents and must be adjusted manually using this filter to view statistics for the current 365 days or any other time period.
- Use the elements to filter and explore the filtered crimes.
Note:
Dashboard elements are linked. If you click a chart bar or table row, related details are filtered and updated in other elements in the dashboard. You can select more than one bar or row.
- In the Crime list, click a record to view a pop-up and zoom to its location.
- To download the records in the table as a CSV file, click Download data at the bottom left of the table.
Note:
All tables in the dashboard support download to a CSV file.
- When finished, to remove all filters and return the dashboard to its original state, click Reset in the bottom right of the dashboard.
Explore calls for service trends
To effectively allocate resources and manage emerging problems, agencies want to use current data and statistics to identify trends. The agencies can then make this information available to police executives so that they can make informed decisions faster. The Crime Reduction Statistics solution can be used by law enforcement agencies to map and monitor short- and long-term trends and spikes in calls for service so that they can quickly identify and respond to emerging problems.
Locate calls for service trends by area and call type
In this workflow, you will assume the role of a district captain who wants to identify and explore calls for service statistical trends in their district for a specific call type.
- In a browser, sign in to your ArcGIS organization and browse to the Calls for Service Statistics Dashboard.
- From the item page, click View Dashboard.
- On the Overview tab, review the high-level metrics for the agency. The elements on this tab display call volume statistics for the current 28 and 365 days, call volumes by month, and call volumes by priority. The tab also displays median response time (in minutes) for the current 28- and 365-day periods, as well as median response times by month and median response times by priority.
- At the top right of the dashboard, in the header panel, select a value from the Select area filter to filter the dashboard for a specific area.
This Select area filter contains all values from all administrative areas configured in the solution. For example, the default configured administrative areas contains beats, districts, and divisions. By default, this filter displays data for the total agency.
- At the bottom of the dashboard, click the 28-day tab. For each district, the 28-day call volumes by district chart displays call volumes for the 28-day period compared to their 3-year average. The 28-day percent change by district chart displays the percent change for the current 28-day period compared to the preceding 28-day period. The 28-day statistics by type table at the top displays statistics for each call type.
- In the 28-day call statistics by type table, click a call type. The selection filters the map and all elements on the 365-day, Top 10 28-day, Top 10 365-day, Response time, and Calls tabs.
- At the bottom of the dashboard, click the Response time tab.
You can now view the median response times for the selected call type for the current 28-day and 365-day period. Both charts display the median response time (in minutes), the median time on call, and the constituent parts of the response time—the time from when the call was received to when it was dispatched, the time from when it was dispatched to when an officer initiated response (time in queue), and the time from when the officer began responding to when they arrived (travel time).
- At the bottom of the dashboard, click the Calls tab.
- Use the graphs to filter and explore the filtered crimes.
Note:
Dashboard elements are linked. If you click a chart bar or table row, related details are filtered and updated in other elements in the dashboard. You can select more than one bar or row.
- In the Calls list, click a record to view a pop-up and zoom to its location.
- To download the records in the table as a CSV file, click Download data at the bottom left of the table.
Note:
All tables in the dashboard support download to a CSV file.
- When finished, to remove all filters and return the dashboard to its original state, click Reset in the bottom right of the dashboard.
Identify top calls for service trends
In this workflow, you will assume the role of a chief who wants to explore the top statistical increases in calls for service across all call types and administrative areas in their jurisdiction over the last 365 days.
- In a browser, verify that you are signed in to your ArcGIS organization and browse to the Calls for Service Statistics Dashboard.
- From the item page, click View Dashboard.
- At the bottom of the dashboard, click the Top 10 365-day tab. This tab contains two lists, Percent change, and Spike by intensity score, that display the top 10 increases for their respective statistic, across any combination of call type and administrative area.
- In the Percent change list, click the first record. The selection filters both lists, the map, and all elements on the 28-day, 365-day, Top 10 28-day, and Calls tabs.
- At the bottom of the dashboard, click the Calls tab.
- At the top right of the dashboard, in the header panel, change the value in the Map dates filter to Current 365 days.
By default, the map displays only the current 28 days of calls for service and must be adjusted manually using this filter to view statistics for the current 365 days or any other time period.
- Use the graphs to filter and explore the filtered crimes.
Note:
Dashboard elements are linked. If you click a chart bar or table row, related details are filtered and updated in other elements in the dashboard. You can select more than one bar or row.
- In the Calls list, click a record to view a pop-up and zoom to its location.
- To download the records in the table as a CSV file, click Download data at the bottom left of the table.
Note:
All tables in the dashboard support download to a CSV file.
- When finished, to remove all filters and return the dashboard to its original state, click Reset in the bottom right of the dashboard.